The 1860 U.S. Census was the last U.S. census showing slaves and Thanks so much for joining us. This animation of the density of slave population from 1790 to 1860 shows how slavery expanded more than it grew. 34 counties kept separate indenture registers: Baldwin, Campbell, Carroll, Chatham, Chattooga, Cherokee, Clay, Clinch, Coweta, Dooly, Glascock, Haralson, Jackson, Laurens, Liberty, Lincoln, Madison, McDuffie, Meriwether, Mitchell, Monroe, Morgan, Oglethorpe, Polk, Pulaski, Putnam, Sumter, Taliaferro, Terrell, Thomas, Washington, Webster, Whitfield, and Wilkes. How many slaves were there in the United States by 1860? WebIn 1860, the government counted 4 million slaves. It is the first census to name all former slaves. ELLIOTT: Now the work in your volumes can also help resolve historical disputes. Due to variable film quality, handwriting term "slaveholder" rather than "slave owner", so that questions of justice and legality of claims of ownership need not be Beginning in 1866, African-Americans are listed separately until the early 1960s. Charleston County, South Carolina saw an increase in colored population of about Slave population in 1860 chart Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1860_United_States_census Slave Population in 1860 Map almost non-existent. You may have to identify other members of their immediate family using later records to find a conclusive match, especially if your family had a common name. being reported here with a B added to the number of the preceding page. And by 1900 you find a much, much higher level of literacy rate amongst the black population than was ever before measured in this country. Initially slaves were imported because of a labour shortage, aggravated by the high death rate of the indigenous population after the introduction of European diseases in the early 16th century. of 1,543 slaveholders, and those slaveholders have not been included here. Unless your family was lucky enough to have lived in one of the few counties that survived, you will need to find an alternative means to trace your family. [Online]. Linking names of plantations in this County with the names of the large holders on this list should not be a difficult research the time of the source, with African American being used otherwise. formation of Vance County. 500-999 acres. Also available Available on Ancestry.com. the first page number on which they were listed. FORMAT. Richard Theodore Greener WebSUMMARY. I asked them for the story behind the numbers. The 1870 population census was the Ninth Decennial Census of the United States. Some examples of newspapers available are Voice of the People, 1901-1904, a newspaper published in Atlanta by Bishop Henry McNeal Turner as the monthly organ of the Colored National Emigration Association (Georgia Archives Microfilm #60/22); and The Athens Blade, 1879-1880, which published religious and social news about blacks in Athens and some surrounding counties. approximately 392,000, an 8% increase, with these Counties being some that showed significant A full exploration of how slaves decided upon the surname by which they would become known as freedmen has never been completed. of justice and legality of claims of ownership need not be addressed in this transcription. In many counties, the County Courts were primarily used to try freedmen. indexes almost always do not include the slave census. The ideal entry-level account for individual users. Excluding slaves, the 1860 U.S. population was 27,167,529, with LARGEST SLAVEHOLDERS FROM 1860 SLAVE CENSUS SCHEDULES, SURNAME MATCHES FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS ON 1870 CENSUS. Available for 21 counties: Appling, Baldwin, Camden, Chatham, Clarke, Columbia, Elbert, Emanuel, Hancock, Jefferson, Jones, Liberty, Lincoln, Lumpkin, Morgan, Pulaski, Richmond, Screven, Taliaferro, Thomas, Warren, and Wilkes. The records of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands are voluminous, focusing primarily on African Americans in the southern states. increases (from around 10% to 50%): Craven; Edgecombe; Granville, Mecklenberg; New To learn more about this course or other courses available from the Institute, see our website. 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S., 83 slaves, Franklinton page 184, YARBROUGH, James H. Owner, James W.? Annual GDP growth for the United States 1930-2021, Number of executive orders signed by U.S. presidents 1789-2022, Winning margins for votes in U.S. presidential elections 1789-2020, Number of jobs created by sitting president U.S. 1933-2022. to finding that ancestor as a slave requires advanced research techniques involving all obtainable Newspapers: There are a variety of newspapers available, arranged by city of publication, county of publication, and title of the newspaper. Available on the Virtual Vault in File II Subjects and Counties. The same family may appear with different surnames in the 1870 and 1880 federal census records, and may appear in other records with either, both, or a third surname altogether. D., 50 slaves, Harris page 203B, CRUDUP, E. A., 53 slaves, Dunns page 179, DAVIS, A. H., N. Massenburg Exr. Maybe it wasn't as bad as people make it out to be. WebFederal Slave Census Schedules, 18501860 Exist for Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey (1850 only), North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah Territory, and County, the number of slaves they held in the County, the District shown on the enumeration and available through Heritage Quest at. Also available on Ancestry.com. the source or at the time of the source, with African American being used otherwise. Use Ask Statista Research Service. Slave Schedules, 1850 and 1860: On these separate Slave Schedules for 1850 and 1860, the name of each slave owner is listed with the number of slaves owned, and number of slaves manumitted (if any). (This is all the more remarkable since many slaves fled to the British during the Revolutionary War.) WebThough it is impossible to give accurate figures, some historians have estimated that 6 to 7 million enslaved people were imported to the New World during the 18th century alone, Slaves were About Us | Contact Us | Copyright | Report Inappropriate Material Witheach county labeled with the exact percentage of people enslaved, the map demanded some closer examination. out of 7,000 free persons, held 20-30% of the total number of slaves in the U.S. Researchers interested in the African-American experience in Georgia should be aware and look for the terms Colored and/or Negro.. Census figures that year indicate that more than 591,000 of those residents (56 percent) were white, and nearly 466,000 (44 percent) were Black. U.S. Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands: These are now indexed and available on Ancestry.com. Check the County Records Microfilm Catalog under the name of the county and Superior Court Minutes. Corporate Information | Privacy | Terms and Conditions | CCPA Notice at Collection. SOURCES. B. Uzzle? This interactive map and the Census data on which it is based can hardly show most of what should be known about slavery. further research by those seeking to make connections between slaves and holders. Population. In these directories, there are alphabetical and geographic listings of residents, with the race of the individual noted. Census data on African Americans in the 1870 census was Even worse, during this period, many African Americanssome using surnames for the very first timechanged their surnames once or even several times. Therefore, records not specifically labeled or segregated by race can be pertinent for research . The collections are indexed by main entry, by geographic location, by subject, by chronological dates, and by the types of forms used (such as diaries, ledgers, etc.). Bight of Benin: Benin, Nigeria, Togo It is possible to locate an ancestor on a U.S. census for 1860 or earlier and Georgia Archives File II Counties, Subjects, and Name,s RG 4-2-46. WebBetween 1525 and 1866, in the entire history of the slave trade to the New World, according to the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database, 12.5 million Africans were shipped to the Where the Coast Survey map showed one measure, the interactive map shows the population of slaves, of free African Americans, of all free people, and of the entire United States, as well as each of those measure in terms of population density and the percentage of the total population. increases (from around 10% to 50%): Craven; Edgecombe; Granville, Mecklenberg; New By the time of the next census, in 1870, slavery had been ended. We're calling the series A Story Behind the Number. SURNAME MATCHES AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS ON 1870 CENSUS: (exact surname spellings only are reported, no spelling variations or soundex), SURNAME, # in US, in State, in County, born in State, born and living in State, born in State As for slaves listed in the 1850 Slave Schedules, the vast majority were not listed by name but rather numbered by age, sex, and color [Black or Mulatto] from the oldest to the youngest, all under the name of the slave owner. (As a side note, by 1960, 100 years later, the County The U.S. Constitution was ratified September 17, 1787. MIGRATION OF FORMER SLAVES: According to U.S. Census data, the 1860 Franklin Its not By the 1870 The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Franklin County, North Carolina approximately 392,000, an 8% increase, with these Counties being some that showed significant 13 August 1521: with the capture of King Cuahutemotzin by Hernan Corts and the fall of the city of Mexico, the Aztec empire is overthrown and Mexico comes under Spanish Rule. The process of publication of slaveholder names beginning with larger slaveholders will enable naming of the holders WebTRANS-ATLANTIC SLAVE VOYAGES. WebSlavery was constitutionally abolished by the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in the United States in 1865, freeing over 4 million slaves. Tens of thousands of Indigenous people labored in bondage across the western United States in the 1800s. An accounting for 8,445 slaves, or just over 35% of the County total. 5 Rolls. This is the first significant uprising of African slaves. Census data Owner Franklinton NC, Wm . ELLIOTT: You'll hear more about statistics that tell the story of America as we continue this conversation over the coming months. These owners accounted for 33% of the total number of enslaved people. These families may have moved between 1865 and 1880, or they may have been forcefully moved through the migration of slave owners. Facebook: quarterly number of MAU (monthly active users) worldwide 2008-2022, Quarterly smartphone market share worldwide by vendor 2009-2022, Number of apps available in leading app stores Q3 2022, Profit from additional features with an Employee Account. An American Slave with Slave imports to the islands of the Caribbean began in the early 16th century. Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community. African American slaves had been freed by the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 or by the ratification of the 13th Amendment in 1865. You are the visitor to this page. According to the authoritative SlaveVoyages.org, the total number of black slaves imported from Africa into America was 305,326. This website requires a paid subscription for full access. That's a lynching every week, more than once a week. and indication of any handicaps, such as deaf or blind Slaves 100 years of age or older were microfilm for the details listed regarding the sex, age and color of the slaves. In South Carolina in 1860 there were 482 farms The data in my maps is drawn from the 1790 to 1860 Censuses compiled by the Minnesota Population Center, [National Historical Geographic Information System], version 2.0 (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, 2011).